C. Lloyd Morgan

Conwy Lloyd Morgan (London, 1852 – Hastings, 1936) was a British psychologist and zoologist, best known for his experimental approach to animal behaviour and for the principle now called Morgan's Canon. He trained at the Royal School of Mines and then under T. H. Huxley, and his work bridged nineteenth-century zoology and the emerging scientific psychology of the twentieth century.

After teaching in Cape Town, he joined the staff of University College, Bristol, in 1884 as Professor of Geology and Zoology. He soon turned to what he called "mental evolution", the borderland between intelligence and instinct. In 1901 he became the college's first Professor of Psychology and Education, and he later served as its Principal and then as the first Vice-Chancellor of the University of Bristol.

His books, including Introduction to Comparative Psychology (1894) and Habit and Instinct (1896), reflect his effort to separate inherited from learned behaviour. After retiring, he gave the Gifford Lectures at St Andrews in 1921 and 1922, where he developed the concept of emergent evolution. His ideas shaped behaviourism and later animal psychology.