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Filopedia

The great encyclopedia of thought and letters

Philosophy, literature and the humanities: authors, works and ideas from Antiquity to the present day.

William ShakespeareWilliam Shakespeare1564–1616Albert EinsteinAlbert Einstein1879–1955AristotleAristotle383 BC–321 BCConfuciusConfucius550 BC–478 BCKarl MarxKarl Marx1818–1883PlatoPlato428 BC–348 BCIsaac NewtonIsaac Newton1643–1727Mahatma GandhiMahatma Gandhi1869–1948Leo TolstoyLeo Tolstoy1828–1910Johann Wolfgang von GoetheJohann Wolfgang von Goethe1749–1832Charles DarwinCharles Darwin1809–1882SocratesSocrates469 BC–398 BCThe BuddhaThe Buddha500 BC–500 BCDante AlighieriDante Alighieri1265–1321HomerHomer900 BC–800 BCGalileo GalileiGalileo Galilei1564–1642

Three ways in

Philosophy1,987 philosophersAlbert Einstein · Aristotle · Confucius · Karl Marx · Plato · Isaac NewtonLiterature4,498 writersWilliam Shakespeare · Leo Tolstoy · Dante Alighieri · Homer · Voltaire · Friedrich NietzschePsychology392 psychologists and psychoanalystsSigmund Freud · Carl Jung · William James · Herbert Spencer · John Dewey · Alfred Adler

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Eras

Twenty-five centuries of thought and literature in fifteen eras.

1Origins and ancient wisdomto 500 BC · 65 authors2Classical Greece500–350 BC · 68 authors3Hellenistic world350–30 BC · 60 authors4Rome and Late Antiquity30 BC–AD 500 · 110 authors5Early Middle Ages500–1000 · 112 authors6High and Late Middle Ages1000–1400 · 226 authors7Renaissance and Humanism1400–1550 · 186 authors8Baroque and Golden Age1550–1650 · 216 authors9Enlightenment1650–1750 · 270 authors10Romanticism1750–1810 · 401 authors11Realism and positivism1810–1850 · 530 authors12Fin de siècle1850–1880 · 698 authors13Avant-gardes1880–1910 · 1,031 authors14Post-war1910–1940 · 1,119 authors15Contemporarysince 1940 · 1,382 authors

Featured authors

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Martin Luther1483–1546Voltaire1694–1778Friedrich Nietzsche1844–1900Fyodor Dostoyevsky1821–1881Immanuel Kant1724–1804René Descartes1596–1650Sigmund Freud1856–1939Mark Twain1835–1910Charles Dickens1812–1870Miguel de Cervantes1547–1616Rabindranath Tagore1861–1941Archimedes286 BC–211 BCSalvador Dalí1904–1989Virgil69 BC–18 BCAlexander Pushkin1799–1837Hans Christian Andersen1805–1875Franz Kafka1883–1924Anton Chekhov1860–1904Pope Francis1936–2025Jean-Jacques Rousseau1712–1778Mao Zedong1893–1976Niccolò Machiavelli1469–1527Augustine of Hippo354–430Adam Smith1723–1790Thomas Jefferson1743–1826Edgar Allan Poe1809–1849Oscar Wilde1854–1900Lord Byron1788–1824Sophocles495 BC–405 BCLaozi579 BC–500 BCNicolaus Copernicus1473–1543George Orwell1903–1950Pythagoras582 BC–490 BCJohn Locke1632–1704John Paul II1920–2005James Joyce1882–1941

Movements

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Romanticismliterary realismatheismSymbolismWestern philosophysurrealismcontinental philosophystoicismExpressionismmodernismsocialist realismfreethoughtnaturalismPre-Socratic philosophymodernist literatureBeat GenerationhumanismPostmodernismMarxismfeminismClassicismDadaGerman idealismexistentialismPlatonismNouveau RomanHarlem RenaissanceGerman RenaissancescholasticismBloomsbury Group